Weak with assimilation of dentals and devoicing of the endingīeseech besought/beseeched besought/beseeched See Indo-European copula.īear bore/bare born/borne forbear forbore forborne *misbear misbore misborne overbear overbore overborne underbear underbore underborneīeat beat beaten/beat browbeat browbeat browbeatenīend bent/bended bent/bended overbend overbent overbent unbend unbent unbent This table includes selected archaic forms (marked *). Note that many of these forms vary even within each English variety depending on the dialect. In this table, the preferred or more common usage is generally listed first, though for some words usage is nearly equal for both choices. Australian English tends to follow British practice, while Canadian English often sides with American usage. In other cases, the opposite is true ( dived and sneaked in Britain, but also dove and snuck in the United States). spilled), American English uses the regular form, while British English tends to favor the irregular. Many of these verbs are irregular in British or American English only. Typical irregularities in weak verbs are the assimilation of dentals ( bended → bent) and vowel reduction ( *keeped → kept). The right hand column notes whether the verb is weak or strong, whether it belongs to a subclass, and links to discussions elsewhere. Next is the preterite or simple past form, then finally the past participle. The tables’ left-hand column shows verb forms ( lemma and inflected): The citation form (the infinitive) comes first (linked to its Wiktionary article), from which a marker (dagger †) references a footnote if its present tense forms are irregular. Each row shows an irregular verb (or group of compounds sharing a base verb), arranged alphabetically. This table lists irregular verbs in the English language. See also: Appendix:English formerly irregular verbs
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